Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism, SNPs
Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) are changes in the DNA sequence where a single base pair, such as A, T, C, or G, is replaced by another. SNPs are the most common type of genetic variation, with an occurrence rate of approximately 0.1%. Since each person’s SNPs are unique, they can serve as genetic markers. Research has been exploring the correlation between specific SNPs or combinations of SNPs and particular diseases, leading to more precise disease diagnosis and the development of personalized medical strategies.

Methylation cycle gene functions can be assessed as follows
Insulin sensitivity	Cancer risk
Bone health	Cardiovascular health
Detoxification capacity	Methylation efficiency
Mitochondrial function and metabolism	Neurotransmitter balance

Applications of Methyl Genomics^® Testing

• Methionine Cycle
  S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) is a key methyl donor in this cycle, supplying methyl groups (–CH₃) for over 400 methylation reactions. It not only provides substrates for the folate cycle but is also closely linked to liver detoxification and the urea cycle. The methionine cycle directly influences overall methylation status and is closely associated with individual personality traits.
• Folate Cycle
  This cycle indirectly or directly regulates the metabolism of homocysteine. Impaired gene function in this pathway can lead to severe inflammation in the heart, brain, and blood vessels, and is associated with conditions such as multiple sclerosis, osteoporosis, dyslipidemia, and diabetes.
• BH4 Cycle
  Responsible for the production of neurotransmitters, this cycle facilitates communication between nerves and cells, helping the body respond to major stress, emotional changes, and regulate sleep cycles. Dysfunction in this cycle can lead to emotional imbalances such as ADHD, OCD, insomnia, depression, and anxiety.
• Urea Cycle
  This cycle eliminates urea, a byproduct of protein metabolism, while recycling useful substances and producing nitric oxide to help prevent cardiovascular disease. It also supplies intermediates for the citric acid cycle. When the urea cycle is impaired, urea can accumulate in the body, leading to abnormal gut flora and potential toxicity due to the inability to metabolize sulfur compounds.
• Citric Acid Cycle
  This is a crucial mitochondrial cycle that converts food into cellular energy (ATP). Genetic defects in this cycle can lead to gastrointestinal disorders, developmental delays, metabolic syndrome, or mitochondrial dysfunction. More than half of individuals with autism or chronic fatigue syndrome show signs of mitochondrial dysfunction.

The important information provided by Methyl Genomics^® is as follows

• We believe that anyone with a health-conscious mindset should undergo Methylation Cycle Gene Testing (Methyl Genomics®) as a foundational tool for precisely planning personalized nutritional strategies.
• Methylation cycle gene testing, combined with related metabolomics testing, provides physicians with clear clinical insights into a client’s overall health status, integrating both genetic predispositions and current metabolic conditions.
• Clinical issues and symptoms related to methylation cycle genes include: hypo- or hypermethylation personality traits, homocysteine and cardiovascular risk, endothelial function, transsulfuration capacity and brain fog, protein metabolism and urea excretion, liver and kidney function, stroke, cancer, vitamin D metabolism needs, emotional imbalances, liver detoxification, and mitochondrial energy production.
• By testing for individual gene variations, we can better understand one’s inherent susceptibility to certain conditions. A gene variation may increase vulnerability to certain chronic diseases, but it does not guarantee disease development. This is because gene expression is not fixed; it can change based on environmental factors and dietary habits.
• Analyzing methylation cycle genes helps physicians develop personalized health management plans, using nutritional supplements to support and improve vital methylation processes in the body.
• Almost every person tested will show some genetic mutations in their methylation cycle genes—without exception. However, these mutations often go unnoticed and are not immediately linked to physical discomfort, which is why preventive testing and proactive health management are so valuable.
• As we face an aging society, it's essential to proactively engage in early health management, anti-aging strategies, immune enhancement, and age gracefully and healthily—ultimately reducing the burden on our families and society.